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Harm Reduction Journal
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Titre : Cannabis and tobacco smoke are not equally carcinogenic Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Robert Melamede, Auteur Editeur : Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Euan Lawson Année de publication : 2005 Collection : Harm Reduction Journal num. 2:21 Importance : 4 p. Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [TABAC] tabagisme:pathologie:cancer:cancer du poumon
[TABAC] tabagisme:risque:facteur associé:drogue:cannabis
[TABAC] tabagisme:tabagisme actifIndex. décimale : TA 1.1.5 Cannabis Résumé : More people are using the cannabis plant as modern basic and clinical science reaffirms and extends its medicinal uses. Concomitantly, concern and opposition to smoked medicine has occurred, in part due to the known carcinogenic consequences of smoking tobacco. Are these reactions justified? While chemically very similar, there are fundamental differences in the pharmacological properties between cannabis and tobacco smoke. Cannabis smoke contains cannabinoids whereas tobacco smoke contains nicotine. Available scientific data, that examines the carcinogenic properties of inhaling smoke and its biological consequences, suggests reasons why tobacco smoke, but not cannabis smoke, may result in lung cancer. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7517-2-21 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9973 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Challenges in legitimizing further measures against smoking in jurisdictions with robust infrastructure for tobacco control / Karl Erik Lund (2024)
Titre : Challenges in legitimizing further measures against smoking in jurisdictions with robust infrastructure for tobacco control : how far can the authorities allow themselves to go? Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Karl Erik Lund, Auteur ; Gunnar Saebo, Auteur Editeur : Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Euan Lawson Année de publication : 2024 Collection : Harm Reduction Journal num. 21:33 Importance : 10 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] géographie:Europe:Europe du Nord:Norvège
[TABAC] législation:législation antitabacMots-clés : facteur de sevrage - revue de la littérature - règlementation Index. décimale : TA 9.3 Législation européenne et mondiale Résumé : Background
According to a recently published study, approximately half of those who currently smoke in Norway have little or no desire to quit despite a hostile regulatory and socio-cultural climate for smoking. On this background, we discuss some challenges that regulators will face in a further tightening of structural measures to curb smoking.
Main body
Central to our discussion is the research literature concerned with the concept of state-paternalism in tobacco control—the line between an ethically justified interference with the freedom of those who smoke and an exaggerated infringement disproportionate to the same people’s right to live as they choose. In countries with an already advanced infrastructure for tobacco control, this dilemma might become quite intrusive for regulators. We ask that if people, who smoke are aware of and have accepted the risks, are willing to pay the price, smoke
exclusively in designated areas, and make decisions uninfluenced by persuasive messages from manufacturers—is a further tightening of anti-smoking measures still legitimate? Strengthening of the infrastructure for tobacco control can be seen as a “help” to people who—due to some sort of “decision failure”—continue to smoke against their own will. However, for those who want to continue smoking for reasons that for them appear rational, such measures may appear unwanted, punitive, and coercive. Is it within the rights of regulators to ignore peoples’ self-determination for the sake of their own good? We problematize the “help” argument and discuss the authorities’ right to elevate the zero-vision of smoking as universally applicable while at the same time setting up barriers to switching to alternative nicotine products with reduced risk.
Conclusion We recommend that a further intensification of smoking control in countries that already have a welldeveloped policy in this area requires that regulators start to exploit the opportunity that lies in the ongoing diversification of the recreational nicotine market.
Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10193 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Critical appraisal of the European Union Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks (SCHEER) Preliminary Opinion on electronic cigarettes / Renée O'Leary (2021)
Titre : Critical appraisal of the European Union Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks (SCHEER) Preliminary Opinion on electronic cigarettes Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Renée O'Leary, Auteur ; Riccardo Polosa, Auteur ; Giovanni Li Volti, Auteur Editeur : Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Euan Lawson Année de publication : 2021 Collection : Harm Reduction Journal num. 18/31 Importance : 15 p. Présentation : tab. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] géographie:Europe
[DIVERS] personne:par âge:jeune
[TABAC] chimie du tabac
[TABAC] étude:statistique:prévalence
[TABAC] prévention:recommandation
[TABAC] prévention:stratégie:réduction du risque
[TABAC] sevrage tabagique
[TABAC] tabagisme:évaluation du tabagisme:marqueur
[TABAC] tabagisme:risqueMots-clés : revue de la littérature Index. décimale : TA 1.1.1 Cigarettes (« normales », électroniques, aromatisées,…) Résumé : Background:
In preparation for the 2021 revision of the European Union Tobacco Products Directive, the Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks (SCHEER) has posted its Preliminary Opinion on Electronic Cigarettes. They concluded that e-cigarettes only achieve a sub-optimal level of protection of human health. In this
paper, we provide evidence that the Opinion’s conclusions are not adequately backed up by scientific evidence and did not discuss the potential health benefits of using alternative combustion-free nicotine-containing products as substitute for tobacco cigarettes.
Methods:
Searches for articles were conducted in PubMed and by citation chasing in Google Scholar. Articles were also retrieved with a review of references in major publications. Primary data from World Health Organization surveys, the conclusions of reviews, and peer-reviewed non-industry studies were cited to address errors and omissions identified in the Opinion.
Results:
The Opinion omitted reporting on the individual and population health benefits of the substitution of e-cigarettes (ENDS) for cigarette smoking. Alternative hypotheses to the gateway theory were not evaluated. Its assessment of cardiovascular risk is contradicted by numerous reviews. It cites ever-use data that do not represent current patterns of use. It did not report non-nicotine use. It presented erroneous statements on trends in ENDS prevalence. It over-emphasized the role of flavours in youth ENDS initiation. It did not discuss cessation in sufficient length.
Conclusions:
For the delivery of a robust and comprehensive final report, the members of the Working Group of the Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks will need to consider (1) the potential health benefits of ENDS substitution for cigarette smoking, (2) alternative hypotheses and contradictory studies on the gateway effect, (3) its assessment of cardiovascular risk, (4) the measurements of frequency of use, (5) non-nicotine use, (6) the role of flavours, and (7) a fulsome discussion of cessation.Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9869 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Introducing oral tobacco for tobacco harm reduction : what are the main obstacles ? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yves Martinet, Auteur ; A. Bohadana, Auteur ; Karl Fagerström, Auteur Editeur : Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Euan Lawson Année de publication : 2007 Collection : Harm Reduction Journal num. 4 (17) Importance : 6 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] prévention:stratégie:réduction du risque
[TABAC] tabagisme:évaluation du tabagisme:test médicalIndex. décimale : TA 5.8 Réduction des risques Résumé : With the number of smokers worldwide currently on the rise, the regular failure of smokers to give up their tobacco addiction, the direct role of smoke (and, to a much lesser extent, nicotine) in most tobacco-related diseases, and the availability of less toxic (but still addictive) oral tobacco products, the use of oral tobacco in lieu of smoking for tobacco harm reduction (HR) merits assessment. Instead of focusing on the activity itself, HR focuses on the risks related to the activity. Currently, tobacco HR is controversial, generally not discussed, and consequently, poorly evaluated. In this paper, we try to pinpoint some of the main reasons for this lack of interest or reluctance to carry out or fund this type of research. In this paper we deal with the following issues: the status of nicotine in society, the reluctance of the mainstream anti-tobacco lobby toward the HR approach, the absence of smokers from the debate, the lack of information disseminated to the general population and politicians, the need to protect young people, the role of physicians, the future of HR research, and the role of tobacco companies. En ligne : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2169217/ Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2820 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
The impact of free trial acceptance on demand for alternative nicotine products / Matthew C. Rousu (2015)
Titre : The impact of free trial acceptance on demand for alternative nicotine products : evidence from experimental auctions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Matthew C. Rousu, Auteur ; Richard J. O'Connor, Auteur ; Maansi Bansal-Travers, Auteur Editeur : Melbourne School of Population and Global Health Euan Lawson Année de publication : 2015 Collection : Harm Reduction Journal num. 12:18 Importance : 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] chimie du tabac:constituant:alcaloïde:nicotine
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac non fumé:tabac à sucer:snus
[TABAC] étude:recherche:recherche clinique:essai clinique randomiséIndex. décimale : TA 6.2.3.1.4 Autres substituts nicotiniques Résumé : Cette étude a exploré la relation entre les échantillons de produits et la demande du consommateur pour les produits alternatifs à la nicotine (snus, tabac soluble, nicotine médicale). En ligne : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/26063180/ Format de la ressource électronique : HTML, PDF Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9104 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !